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This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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Over the past decades, farmers have been getting bigger harvests from the same size plot of land.

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That story's particularly true in the American Midwest, the world's corn basket.

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The U.S.now grows more than 36 percent of the world's corn.

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One key is that breeders developed corn plants that can grow very close together.

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Newer varieties can better withstand stress and grow roots deeper to access water.

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So stalks are planted more densely and yields per acre are up.

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But a study in the journal Science finds that as corn plants get closer together, they become more sensitive to drought.

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"What we did see for corn is that progress has been much greater for what we consider good weather conditions, so cooler, wetter conditions."

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Study leader David Lobell of Stanford University, on Science's podcast.

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"And when you get to the hottest conditions we see actually very little progress…

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the simple observation was that the sensitivity to those hot conditions seems to be growing over time."

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So in the hotter, drier climate predicted for the coming decades, the varieties of corn that currently produce bumper crops could be in trouble.

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"The impacts of drought are actually growing, at least in the case of maize."

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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