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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.

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A triple bacon cheeseburger seems like a heart attack on a plate.

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So how can polar bears thrive on their version, seal blubber?

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Turns out they've stocked up on genes that let them clear fats from their blood.

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That's according to a study in the journal Cell.

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Polar bears are well adapted to life on the sea ice.

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Up to half their body weight's fat, which gives them extra insulation and buoyancy, and provides them with a ready source of energy.

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But how can an animal so fat also be so fit?

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Researchers compared the genomes of polar bears with those of brown bears, and found that polar bears have accumulated genetic changes that boost their heart health and fat metabolism.

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One gene in particular, called ApoB, helps move cholesterol out of the blood, where it causes problems in humans and into cells.

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These genomic changes happened quickly, evolutionarily speaking.

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Polar bears and brown bears diverged from a common ancestor less than half a million years ago.

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But if that seems super speedy, the ability to digest lactose didn't spread through human populations until we domesticated cows, just 10,000 years ago.

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A moving testament to the power of natural selection.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

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