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第1段
1 . Listen to a conversation between a student and her Environmental Science professor.
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2 .Thanks for dropping by, Emily.
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3 .You\'ve been uncharacteristically quiet in class lately,
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4 .I know I\'ve been trying to detach emotionally, like a scientist
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5 .but this unit on plastics it\'s getting I\'m afraid that if I talk about it, I might lose my composure
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6 .especially when it comes to plastic pollution in the Oceans
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7 .It\'s perfectly fine to express your feelings in class, overuse of plastic is a global concern.
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8 .Plastic isn\'t biodegradable.It just breaks down over time into smaller and smaller bits.
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9 .Most marine species are impacted, even seabirds.
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10 .Plastic has been ingested by more than 90% of the world\'s seabirds, algae absorb plastic too, and algae are at the bottom of the food chain.
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11 .So what gives you hope?
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12 .I don\'t know. I suppose it\'s good that some people started addressing this problem,
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13 .like how England started taxing plastic bags in supermarkets in 2015 just a few cents per bag, but it led to, like,
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14 .an 80% reduction in plastic bag use practically overnight.
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15 .Your midterm projects coming up,
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16 .how about recommending a way to reduce plastic waste on campus?
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17 .England\'s success might be a good case study,
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18 .especially if the amount of plastic entering the waters surrounding England decreased after the tax was implemented.
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19 .This would support any plastic reduction plan you propose from the university.
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20 .That makes total sense,
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21 .but I\'ve already spent time researching another recommendation to present,
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22 .and I\'m pretty far along on it.
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23 .Oh, okay. What is it?
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24 .A publicity campaign to reduce water usage in the residence halls to address prolonged droughts caused by climate change.
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25 .Nice. My proposal is easy to implement.
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26 .All people need to do is reduce their shower time to four minutes or less,
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27 .I\'ve applied for a small grant from the university to buy some cheap, waterproof timers that could be used in the shower stalls.
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28 .What\'s the average shower length currently,
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29 .if it\'s already under four minutes?
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30 .Oh, I really don\'t know how long it is.
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31 .Why not ask some residents?
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32 .Then I\'d include at least 30 people of different genders in my sample,
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33 .get them to log the shower lengths for a week average those results,
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34 .then cut, say, 30 or 40 seconds off that number. This would provide an evidence based rationale for your recommendation.
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35 .I guess it would, yeah.
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36 .Also, how many gallons of water are currently used in the dorms each month on average? This number could be quite motivating for students and
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37 .provide a baseline to compare to measure the effectiveness of your campaign.
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