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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.This'll just take a minute.
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2 .Cells in complex organisms sometimes respond to pressure and stress by growing in a preferred direction.
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3 .The phenomenon, called mechanotaxis, helps create multicellular structures such as our organs.
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4 .Now a common soil bacterium has been found to change its growth pattern in response to disturbances in its environment.
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5 .And the discovery could provide a living system for testing strain in materials under heavy loads, like, say, bridges.
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6 .The bacterium in question is called Bacillus mycoides.
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7 .It was first characterized way back in 1842.
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8 .Much more recently, researchers in the U.K.noticed that the Bacillus had unique growth patterns on solid cultures that contained structural defects.
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9 .The scientists took a series of microscope photos of bacterial cultures on templates with a variety of defects and under different pressures.
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10 .And the bacterial filaments turned a full 90 degrees in response to only 1 degree of structural distortion.
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11 .The bacteria also grew towards a glass bead disturbing the culture.
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12 .The research is in the journal PLoS One.
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13 .If this technique can be better understood and manipulated, scientists might be able to develop a bacterial early warning system for our engineered environment.
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14 .A big help from a small creature.
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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