考满分 toefl

1 .<-NARRATOR:->Listen to part of a lecture in a choreography class.

旁白：听下面一段编舞课堂上的讲解。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->[leading into what students’ next assignment will be]Now when you think about choreography, well, for your last assignment, you choreographed a dance that was performed on stage, in front of a live audience.

教授：当你想到编舞的时候，恩，你们上次的任务是要编一段现场的舞台舞蹈。

1 .Now, screen dance is very different; it's a dance routine you'll be choreographing specifically to be viewed on a screen— on a computer screen, a TV screen, in a movie theater,any screen.

而荧屏舞蹈是十分不同的，它是一种你编导的舞在屏幕上演出的舞蹈形式，电视屏幕，电脑屏幕，电影院，任何类型的屏幕。

2 .So, the question we have to ask is: What's the difference between choreography for a live performance and choreography for on-screen viewing?

所以我们要问的问题是，现场表演的编舞和屏幕演出的编舞有什么不同？

3 .OK, think for a minute... when you see a movie, is it just a film of people acting on a stage?

好，让我们想一下，当我们看电影时，难道只是一群人在舞台上表演的影片吗？

4 .Course not.

当然不是。

5 .Movies use a variety of camera angles and creative editing.

电影运用了多种拍摄角度和富有创意的剪辑。

6 .Movies can distort time, slow movement down, or speed it up, show actors fading in and out of scenes, etcetera.

电影可以扭曲时间，放慢或放快镜头，是人物淡入或淡出镜头等等。

7 .All of these all of these filmmaking techniques, uh, things that can't be used in a live performance are possible in a screen dance.

所有的这些不能用在舞台表演中的拍摄技巧都可以用在荧屏舞蹈中。

8 .Now, we'll cover these concepts in greater detail later, but you should be getting the idea that I don't want you to just film dancers on stage and turn it in as your screen-dance project.

现在，我们将更详细地介绍这些概念，但你应该明白我不希望你们只是拍摄舞台上的舞者，把它变成你的屏幕舞蹈项目。

9 .[sees hand raised]Uh, yes, Debbie?

黛比？

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->But isn't something lost here, Professor Watson?

学生：但这是不是会缺少点什么，沃特森教授？

2 .I'm a dancer, and when I perform on stage, I'm so energized by the audience's reactions, the applause.

我是一个舞者，当我在舞台上表演的时候，我会被观众的反应所激励，例如掌声。

3 .I actually, and for a lotta dancers, it- it really inspires us.

我和大部分舞者都是这样，观众的反应是我们最大的鼓舞。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Well, you're right, screen dance, which is relatively new, isn't for everyone.

教授：你说的没错，荧屏舞蹈是一种相对较新的事物，并不适合每个人。

2 .Uh, some dancers may seem reluctant to participate in your project because they do thrive on the immediacy of performing live.

一些舞者可能不愿参加你的项目，因为现场表演的直接回馈会使他们心潮澎湃。

3 .Uh, if this happens, you could point out that screen dance offers other ways for dancers to connect to their audience.

如果是这种情况，你可以指出荧屏舞蹈可以提供给他们其他与观众互动的方式。

4 .For example, dancers c-can express themselves, even change the whole mood of a scene, through a facial expression, and you could film close-up shots of their faces.

例如，舞者可以通过面部表情来表达他们自己的感情，甚至能够改变这个情景的意境，你可以拍下他们脸部的特写镜头。

5 .Facial expressions aren't as important in live performances, generally, because the choreographer knows that someone in the back row of a theater may not be able to see a dancer's face clearly.

一般来讲面部表情在现场表演中并不十分重要，因为编舞者知道剧场后排的观众可能无法清楚的看到舞者的脸。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->[anxious]But, um, I've never used a movie camera or edited film before. How will we learn everything we need to know to...

学生：但是，我从来没有用过摄像机，也没有编辑过影片，我们怎样才能学懂我们需要知道的东西呢？

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Well, don't worry! The cameras you'll be using are pretty simple to operate.

教授：不要担心。你们要用的摄像机操作十分简单。

2 .And you'll get to play with the film-editing software several times before beginning your project.

在你的课题开始之前你可以使用几次影片编辑软件。

3 .You'll also have the option of working with a student in the film department, someone who's familiar with the technology.

你还可以选择与电影系的学生合作，他们对这些技术十分熟悉。

4 .But the choreography and the end result will be your responsibility, of course.

但是编舞和你的最终分数就是你自己的事了。

1 .<-MALE STUDENT:->Could you talk some more about the filmmaking techniques, y'know, the ones that work best for screen dances?

学生：您能再介绍一下影片制作的技巧吗？就是那些最适合荧屏舞蹈的技术。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->I'll show some of my favorite screen dances next week to give you a better idea.

教授：下个星期我会给大家展示一些我最喜欢的荧屏舞蹈，让大家更有更好的了解。

2 .But, uh, OK, here's one technique that can create the illusion of flow in a screen dance.

但是，嗯，好，这里有一种可以在荧屏舞蹈中创作出流动的错觉的技巧。

3 .You film the same dancer entering and exiting the frame several times, moving slowly at first, then faster and faster.

你拍摄同一个舞者反复的从镜头中出入，开始的时候动作较慢，然后越来越快。

4 .Then, in the editing room, you can digitally manipulate these images.

然后再编辑的时候，你可以对这些图像进行数字化处理。

1 .Like, you might put five or ten or twenty copies of that same dancer meeting himself in the middle of the screen to make it look like he's dancing with himself!

你可以做出五个，十个或二十个这个舞者，就像她在屏幕中与自己跳舞一样。

2 .Obviously, this can't be done in a live performance.

很显然这在现场表演中是无法做到的。

3 .Another example, um, in one screen dance I saw, the dancers leaped through sheets of fire in a big abandoned building.

另一个例子，在我看的一个荧屏舞蹈中，舞者从燃烧着的废弃的大楼里跳出来。

4 .Of course, the building wasn't really on fire. A technique called "superimposing" was used.

当然，大楼并不是真的着火。这里应用了一种叫做添增的技术。

5 .The dancers were filmed, and later, in the editing room, the fire was added to the background.

将舞者拍摄下来，然后再到剪辑室中分层制作，将火焰添加到背景中。

1 .<-MALE STUDENT:->That sounds awesome! But, if anyone can watch a dance on a computer screen, why would they pay to go see a live performance?

学生：听起来真棒。但是如果大家都能够在电脑上欣赏舞蹈，为什么要花钱去看现场演出呢？

2 .[fearing the worst]What if screen dance got so popular that it replaced live dance?

如果荧屏舞蹈取代了现场舞蹈怎么办？

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Screen dance is an entirely different type of presentation; it could never replicate the immediacy, the kind of drama that live performance offers.

教授：荧屏舞蹈是一种完全不同的表现形式，它绝对无法复制现场表演的直接反馈和戏剧性。

2 .There'll always be an audience for that.

会有观众乐意去看的。

3 .I think what screen dance will do, though, is heighten awareness of dance in general.

我认为荧屏舞蹈会在总体上提高人们对舞蹈的认知。

4 .Because it's a way, um, it can reach people in their homes, in their workplaces, at any time, really.

因为这种方式，无论何时，人们都可以在家里，在工作场合看到。

5 .And if someone discovers that they love dance by watching a screen dance, there's a good chance they'll get interested enough to buy a ticket to see a live performance.

如果人们通过观看荧屏舞蹈发现他对舞蹈的热爱，他们很有可能会有足够的兴趣买票去看现场表演。