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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.
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2 .The military, space and aviation experts at Lockheed Martin want you to know that they're closing in on fusion.
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3 .The firm's secretive Skunk Works has announced that its compact fusion reactor is a mere 10 years away and would investors please send money.
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4 .The device would work¡ if it works¡ by fusing atoms of hydrogen together.
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5 .This fusion produces a larger atom helium plus copious energy.
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6 .As a bonus, fusion does not produce radioactive waste, unlike its poor cousin fission that's in use in nuclear reactors around the world today.
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7 .The key to Lockheed's device, they say, is superconductors.
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8 .They'll create magnetic fields strong enough to contain the superhot plasma created by fusion.
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9 .When the atoms of heavy hydrogen fuse in that plasma, neutrons are released that then hit the reactor wall, heating it.
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10 .That heat then boils water to make steam to spin a turbine.
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11 .Or so the theory goes.
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12 .Unfortunately, neutrons have a nasty habit of making materials brittle, among other challenges faced by Lockheed and everyone else chasing fusion.
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13 .Of course, the world already enjoys the benefits of one fusion reactor,
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14 .which sits at a comfortable remove and can be easily harnessed with a working technology called photovoltaics.
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15 .It's called the Sun.
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16 .Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.
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