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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This'll just take a minute.
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2 .About three-quarters-of-a-million open heart surgeries take place annually in the U.S., according to the American Heart Association.
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3 .Applying sutures or staples during these procedures costs precious seconds and can cause damage.
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4 .Researchers have sought adhesives that could quickly seal tissue.
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5 .But currently available substances don't work in the presence of liquid, or can't withstand all that forceful pumping, or are toxic.
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6 .So an international team of scientists looked for clues from nature's glues.
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7 .They examined slugs, sandcastle worms and the footpads of insects.
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8 .These organisms release sticky secretions that function even when wet.
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9 .Inspired by the natural adhesives, the research team created their own.
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10 .It only becomes active when exposed to UV light, thus giving surgeons control.
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11 .Once stuck in place, it seals tissue, remains intact in blood, and stays strong and flexible enough to withstand blood flow and the force of a heartbeat.
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12 .And it's biodegradable.
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13 .The substance is described in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
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14 .The glue and patches infused with it have done well on pigs' hearts.
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15 .If human studies show the necessary safety and efficacy, such light-activated patches could make closing some surgical sites like fixing a bike tire.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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