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第1段
1 .Listen to a conversation between a student and her biology professor.
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2 .(professor) So, Susan, what's on your mind?
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3 .(female student) Well, I got back my paper yesterday. You know, the first essay you assigned.
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4 .(professor) Yes.
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5 .(female student) I noticed that, well, you lowered my grade.
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6 .(professor) That's because you submitted it late.
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7 .(female student) But I turned it in on the due date. I slipped it under your office door that afternoon.
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8 .(professor) If you read the syllabus closely, you'll see that you're expected to submit the assignments on the due date during class.
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9 .(female student) Oh. I guess…
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10 .(professor) We're still early in the semester. There's plenty of chances to excel in other assignments, like the oral presentations the class will be giving next month. From the outline you submitted, it looks like yours will be quite good.
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11 .(female student) I've really enjoyed class recently and when we discussed mimicry, well, I thought what a great topic for my oral report, especially the part on…
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12 .Here I wrote it down. Yeah, Batesian mimicry. So, Batesian mimicry, we said that's when a non-poisonous animal mimics, copies a poisonous animal in some way, say to trick a predator like how a non-poisonous butterfly might have the same color as a poisonous one.
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13 .(professor) Right. We discussed many examples…
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14 .(female student) like the Viceroy Butterfly. I'm gonna put that example in my talk about how the Viceroy Butterfly mimics the Monarch Butterfly.
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15 .The Monarch really is poisonous to keep predators from eating it. And the orange color of the Viceroy's wing looks just like the Monarch’s.
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16 .(professor) We did discuss that in class, how predators avoid the Monarch because it's toxic, and the Viceroy color resembles the Monarch’s.
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17 .But you remember how we said the Viceroy is not the best example of Batesian mimicry.
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18 .(female student) Um…
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19 .(professor) In the 1990s, researchers show that the Viceroy should be classified as a Mullerian mimic.
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20 .(female student) Yeah. Here it is, Mullerian mimicry.
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21 .(professor) Mullerian mimicry is when two species, each of which is toxic, resemble each other.
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22 .(female student) Yeah, I totally forgot. The researchers, they conducted a study and found that the Viceroy is also toxic. So, Monarchs and Viceroys, they increase each other's protection from predators.
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23 .(professor) Exactly, sounds as though you've got the makings for a good talk.
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24 .(female student) Thanks. You know, this stuff is so neat. I'd like to learn more about it. I was thinking for my final paper, the research paper at the end of the semester. Maybe I could go deeper into all that.
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25 .(professor) Well, that kind of research is reported mostly in technical journals. It's okay for next month's oral presentation, which can just summarize the results.
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26 .But for a 10-page final paper, why don't you hold off on picking a topic until after the oral presentations? We'll be covering some fascinating material in the meantime.
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