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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Diana Kwon. Got a minute?
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2 .JFK audio
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3 .What makes a successful politician?Experience? Skill? Charisma?
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4 .Perhaps you were searching for these traits while watching the recent Republican presidential debate.
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5 .But what you might not have thought about was how your perception of the candidates could be influenced by their voices.
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6 .Chris Christie audio
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7 .In two recently published studies, researchers looked at how the pitch of a candidate's voice affected their chances in an election.
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8 .The first study found that in the 2012 U.S.House elections candidates with lower voices were more likely than a higher-pitched opponent to win.
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9 .With one exception: when running against a female opponent, candidates with higher voices were more popular, especially if they were men.
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10 .That study is in the journal Political Psychology.
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11 .In the second study, researchers wanted to know why a deep voice was a potent political tool.
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12 .They recorded men and women speaking the sentence "I urge you to vote for me this November."
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13 .They then altered the recordings to create higher and lower pitched versions of each sentence.
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14 .More than 800 volunteers listened to the audio.
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15 .Their preference for lower-pitched voices correlated with their preconception that these individuals were older, stronger and more competent.
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16 .This study is in the journal PLoS ONE.
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17 .The researchers note that a preference for leaders with deeper voices may be the result of so-called "cavemen instincts."
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18 .A deep voice is associated with high testosterone, physical strength and aggression.
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19 .And way back when, those qualities were probably attractive in a leader.
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20 .High-pitched voices also are thought to convey negative emotions, such as stress and fear.
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21 .We like to think that we consider our electoral options carefully, and base our decisions on conscious, rational judgments.
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22 .But it may be a candidate's height, attractiveness or voice that play outsized roles when we go to the polls.
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23 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Diana Kwon.
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