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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.
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2 .Some 2.5 billion gallons of water are used to frack oil or gas wells in the U.S.
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3 .Every day.
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4 .Nearly all of that water is lost, either in the fracking or by disposing it down a borehole.
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5 .And industry's water consumption is dwarfed by agriculture, responsible for more than 80 percent of this country's enormous water use.
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6 .With climate change beginning to affect water supplies, what can be done?
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7 .A panel at the recent Advanced Research Projects Agency for Energy summit attempted to answer that question.
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8 .In agriculture, it will take both better breeding--for more water efficient crops--and smarter irrigation.
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9 .Our power plants could send less steam into the sky with hybrid air-and-water cooling systems.
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10 .And local, state and federal governments could begin to reform an often hidebound water rights system.
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11 .Not to mention that we'd all better get comfortable with the idea of reusing water over and over again.
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12 .On the other hand, a new $1 billion facility rising on the California coast may prove, just maybe we just need to increase the water supply.
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13 .The Poseidon desalination plant aims to turn seawater into hundreds of thousands of gallons of freshwater annually.
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14 .The only problem is: it's expensive and it requires a lot of energy.
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15 .And producing energy requires water, which requires energy to clean, which, well, lather, rinse, repeat.
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16 .Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.
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