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1 .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Space. I'm John Matson. Got a minute?
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2 .Even a perfect flight to Mars poses big health risks for astronauts.
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3 .Because once they were outside Earth's protective magnetic field, astronauts would be bombarded by radiation from cosmic rays and solar outbursts.
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4 .But a side benefit of NASA's Curiosity rover mission is that we now know about how much radiation an interplanetary traveler would face.
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5 ."The primary objective of RAD was to characterize the radiation environment on the surface of Mars."
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6 .Donald Hassler, director of the Mars Science Laboratory Radiation Assessment Detector, or RAD, on Curiosity, at a press conference May 30th.
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7 ."But we realized about a year and a half before launch that taking measurements during the cruise phase on the way to Mars in deep space would be not so different than acting as a proxy for the radiation environment that a future human astronaut might experience in their spacecraft on their way to Mars.
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8 .So we turned RAD on about 10 days after the launch of Curiosity and we took about seven months of data."
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9 .Using that data, mission scientists calculated that a Mars round-trip would expose a person to more than 100 times the average annual exposure of someone on Earth.
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10 .And, critically, the radiation dose from a Mars trip could exceed the lifetime exposure limits space agencies have established for their astronauts,
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11 .increasing the chances of cancer and central nervous system damage.
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12 .Their report is in the journal Science.
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13 .Better shielding on a manned mission would help limit the risk, from both galactic cosmic rays and energetic particles from the sun.
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14 .But keep in mind that Curiosity cruised to Mars during a relatively mild period of solar activity.
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15 .If the sun acted up during an unlucky flight, astronauts would need extra protection to avoid taking a solar radiation beating.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Space. I'm John Matson.
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