考满分 toefl

1 .<-NARRATOR:->Listen to a conversation between a student and her sociology professor.

旁白：请听一个学生和她的社会学教授之间的对话。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->I'm glad you got my message and were able to make it... but where are the other members of your group, Tom and Jane?

教授：我很高兴你收到了我的信息并且能赶过来，不过你小组里的其他成员呢？Tom和Jane呢？

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->They're actually at the library....They have a biology lab assignment that's due later this afternoon...so I'm here to represent the whole group.

学生：实际上他们在图书馆里，他们今天下午晚些时候有个生物课实验作业要交...所以我就代表整个小组过来了。

2 .But, um, when we got your e-mail message—about being worried about our research project—we were a little confused.

但是......当我们收到你的电子邮件说对我们的研究项目有些担心的时候，我们有点疑惑不解。

3 .We thought you were excited about our idea for the project....

我们以为你对我们的项目设想很兴奋呢...

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Well, I think it's a great research topic, but when I looked closely at your plan for accomplishing the research, I realized that your group was probably asking for some trouble.

教授：我觉得它是个很棒的研究主题，但是当我仔细看你们完成研究的方案时，我发现你们小组可能在自找麻烦。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->What do you mean?

学生：什么意思？

2 .I thought that... you know... by monitoring students studying in the library, we could really, uh, get a good understanding of people's study habits and stuff.

我以为，通过对在图书馆学习的学生进行监控，我们可以很好地了解人们的学习习惯等等。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->The thing is... I think you might have a problem because of the Hawthorne effect.

教授：是这样的，我觉得你们可能会出问题是因为Hawthorne效应。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->The Hawthorne effect?

学生：Hawthorne效应？

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->The Hawthorne effect is a technical term for when researchers...uh, more or less forget about a specific variable... the variable of the researchers themselves.

教授：Hawthorne效应是一个技术术语，指的是研究人员...多多少少忘记了一个具体的变量，那就是研究人员自己。

2 .Now, the students in the library...they're going to know that you're observing them, right?

图书馆里的学生，他们会知道你们在观察他们，对吧？

3 .So you have to consider the effect your very presence will have on the people you're observing.

所以你们必须考虑到你们的在场将会给你们要观察的人产生的影响。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->[Confused] But... so you think...

学生：但是......所以你觉得......

2 .I-I mean, it's not like our observations would be a secret...

我是说我们的观察不是个秘密。

3 .The students would know exactly what we'd be doing...

学生们会明确知道我们要做什么...

4 .I mean, we'd put up a sign right outside the library...

因为我们会在图书馆外面张贴一个标志。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Yes... but that's just it....

教授：是的，但是问题就出在这儿。

2 .When people know they're being watched, they act differently.

当人们知道有人在看他们时，他们的行为会有所不同。

3 .Let me explain how the Hawthorne effect got its name and... well, you'll get the idea.

我来给你解释一下Hawthorne效应是如何得名的以及......听完以后你就懂了。

4 .See, there was a manufacturing facility called the Hawthorne plant.

曾经有一个制造厂叫做Hawthorne工厂。

5 .And researchers conducted some experiments there to see what conditions made workers the most productive.

研究人员在那里进行了一些实验来看看什么条件会使得工人最多产。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->What sort of conditions?

学生：什么样的条件？

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Well... one thing they experimented with was the lights... Were workers more productive with bright lights or dim lights?

教授：他们实验的一个条件是灯光。工人在明亮的灯光下更多产，还是在昏暗的灯光下呢？

2 .Well, here's the thing: Whatever the researchers did, the workers' productivity increased.

问题来了，无论研究人员做什么，工人的生产能力都提高了。

3 .When the lighting was improved, productivity went up. When the lighting was dimmed, productivity went up again.

当灯光改善了时，产量上升了，当灯光调暗了，产量同样也上升了。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->That doesn't make a lot of sense.

学生：这说不大通啊。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Exactly.... So initially, the experiment was considered a failure.

教授：正是！所以最初这个实验被认为是失败的。

2 .But then the researchers realized that their own presence had affected the workers' productivity.

但是紧接着，研究人员意识到他们自己的存在影响了工人的生产能力。

3 .The workers knew that the researchers were watching them, and with so much attention on them, the workers felt compelled to work harder.

工人知道研究人员正看着他们，身上有了那么多关注之后，工人们感觉不得不更卖力地工作。

1 .<-FEMALE STUDENT:->[As if she is understanding his point now] Oh... I guess that really could be an issue with my group's research.

学生：哦，我想这对我的小组研究来说真的可能是个问题。

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Yes... But I don't want to send you all back to square one... so how about you set up a meeting with your group members and discuss this.

教授：是的，但是我不想把你们全部打回原点...所以，不如你和你的小组成员举行一个会议讨论一下。

2 .Then we can meet again and go over your ideas... and I think that we should be able to figure out a way to get around the problem.

然后我们再见一面捋一捋你们的想法...我觉得我们应该能想出办法避开这个麻烦。