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Question 4 of 6

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In the example about sports equipment, what does the professor imply about spending money on advertising?

A. It is most effective just before holidays when people give gifts

B. It may require quick decision making

C. It is a waste, since many consumers select products based on their previous experiences

D. It is better guided by good research than by good theories

我的答案 - 正确答案 D

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    解析

    题型分类:推理题
    题干分析:根据imply确定为推理题,关键词example、sports equipment
    原文定位:

    Good research gives you facts, facts that can help you decide, well, as we already mentioned, decide the right market to target, and the best media to use.
    选项分析:
    仍旧考的是例子的作用。教授在提出research is the key之后举出了体育器材的例子论证自己的观点,提示答案与research相关,再看例子的主旨,是research与theory的冲突,D选项正确。

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译文

<-NARRATOR:->Listen to part of a lecture in a Business Class.

旁白:听一段关于商学的讲座。

<-FEMALE PROFESSOR:->Let's get started. Last time we were talking about the need for advertising.Now, let's look at how you can successfully call attention to the service or product you want to sell.To succeed, you've got to develop a systematic approach.If you don't come up with a system, um, a plan, you risk making decisions that waste money, or even drive away potential customers.But what does a systematic advertising plan look like?Well, it covers what we call the 'Four Ms'.The 'Four Ms': Market, Media, Money, Message.All are important areas to focus on when creating your advertising plan.We will look at them one by one.

教授:我们开始吧。上次我们讨论了广告的需求。现在我们看看如何成功地将注意力转移到你想要销售的服务或产品上。想要成功做到这点,你必须建立一个系统的方法。如果你不提出一个系统,嗯,一个计划,你就可能做出导致资金流失和失去潜在客户的决定。但一个系统的广告策划是怎样的呢?它包括我们所谓的4M。4M 指:市场(Market),媒体(Media),资金(Money),讯息(Message)。所有都是我们创造一个广告策划的重点。我们一个一个看。

The First step is to look at your Market, that's the people who might become customers, buyers of your service or product.You need to know all about your possible customers:Who are they? What age group are they? What do they like, or dislike? How do they shop?So, you got that?A market is a group of potential customers.

第一个是市场。这是指将来有可能成为你的客户,你产品或服务的消费者。你需要知道关于你潜在客户的一切他们是谁?他们处于什么社会群体?他们喜欢和不喜欢什么?他们的消费习惯如何?这样,你学到了什么?市场就是一群潜在的消费者。

Next, Media...Obviously the major media are television, radio, newspapers, magazines, um, billboards, and so forth.There are all avenues of communication.And you need to figure out: Which media you should advertise through? Which media will reach your intended audience - your market?So, you do research, trying to determine which media will reach the most potential customers for the lowest cost.For instance, if you have a product, that ...oh....say teachers would like, then teachers are your market.So you ask yourself: What magazines do the majority of teachers read?What TV programs do teachers watch?Do teachers listen to much radio?At what times of the day?Say, now your research turns up two magazines that teachers read.And it also shows that the majority of teachers - say ages twenty to thirty - read the magazine about classroom activities.While most teachers older than that read the other magazine, the one about, oh, let's say "Educational Psychology".You think your product will appeal most to teachers ages twenty to thirty, so you decide to put your advertisement in their favor magazine, the one about classroom activities.You don't waste money advertising in the "Educational Psychology" magazine, you know, the one that the younger teachers generally don't read.And since you're reaching the majority of the teachers in your target age group, you're probably spending your money well, which bring us to the third M - Money.

下一个,媒体。很显然主要的媒体是电视、广播、报纸、杂志、广告牌等等。传播的渠道多种多样而你需要想到:我应该通过哪种媒体来做广告?哪种媒体可以触及到你的观众,你的市场?所以,你要做调查,试着确定哪种媒体能以最低的成本触及到最多的客户。比如说,如果你有一个产品,我们假设老师们喜欢它,那你的市场就是老师。那么问问你自己老师主要阅读什么杂志?看什么电视?老师们听广播吗?什么时候听?假设你的调查显示有两个杂志老师喜欢读。它还显示大多数老师,年龄在二十到三十岁之间,读跟课堂活动有关的杂志而年龄稍大的老师读另外一个,假设叫做“教育心理学”的杂志。你觉得你的产品会更吸引二十到三十岁之间的老师,所以你觉得讲广告投放到他们最喜欢杂志上,关于课堂活动的那本。你就不用花费资金在“教育心理学”,一个年轻老师都不读的杂志上了。又因为你触及了大多数的老师,也就是你的客户,你的钱花得恰到好处,这就引出了第三个M,资金。

You have an advertising budget to spend, but how do you spend it wisely.Again, research is the key.Good research gives you facts, facts that can help you decide, well, as we already mentioned, decide the right market to target, and the best media to use.But also: When to advertise? Or... or how to get the best rates?Like, may be you're advertising Sports equipment, and you have been spending most of your budget during the holiday season when people buy gifts for each other.Now, in theory, that would seem a great time to advertise, but may be research shows you're wrong, that the customers who buy sports equipment tend not to give it as a holiday gift, but want to use it themselves.In that case, advertising during a different season of the year might give you better results.And, um, maybe at even lower, non-holiday rates, so you actually save money.But you need to get the facts, facts that come from good research to be certain and know for sure that you're getting your money's worth.

你有一个资金预算,但要明智地使用它。需要重复的是,调查是关键。好的调查会告诉你事实,事实会帮助你做决定。想我之前提到过的,决定你要针对的最佳市场,你要使用的最佳媒介。但同时:什么时候打广告?或者⋯⋯如何到大最好的收益率?比如说,你要给体育用品做广告,你花了大部分的预算在节假日期间,因为理论上讲,那时候人们都在为对方购买礼品。可是也许你的调查显示你想的不对,购买体育用品的客户并不是拿来送人,而是留着自己使用。这种情况下,在一年的其他季节做广告可能会得到更好的结果。有可能投放的成本反而低,所以你其实省了一笔钱。但你需要的是来自有效调查的事实数据,这样才能保证你的钱花得值。

OK, finally, there is your message: What you want to say about your product?Why buying it will make the customer's life easier, or safer or better somehow.Whatever the message is, make sure you get it right.Let me give you an example of not getting it right, Ha...ha...ha... you are going to love this one: There was this Soup Shop, the soup was really tasty, but there weren't a lot of customers.The owner thought that may be if they gave something away for free with each purchase, then more people would come buy soup.So they got some cheap socks, and they advertised to give a pair away with each bowl of soup.But, then even fewer people came to the restaurant.Well, you can imagine why.People started to associate the soup with feet.They began to imagine the soup smelled like feet.The advertising message, soup means free socks, was a bad choice. It was a waste of money.And worse, it caused the loss of customers.

好的,最后,是要传达的讯息。你希望对你的产品说点什么?为什么消费者买了它生活会更轻松你要确定你用了对的方法。让我给举一个反例,哈哈⋯⋯你们会觉得很有趣的:有一个卖汤的店,汤很好喝,但顾客不多。店主觉得应该在每个客户消费的时候给一些赠品,这样就会有更多的人来。所以他们买了一些便宜的袜子,然后做了广告说,每个人买一碗汤就送一双袜子。但是来的人反而更少了。你能想象这是为什么。人们开始把汤和袜子联系到一起他们开始想象闻起来有脚臭味的汤。汤意味着一双免费袜子,这个讯息不太好,完全是浪费钱。更糟的是,它还引发了顾客的流失。

Now, I want everyone to get into small groups and come up with some examples, not of good advertising messages, but of truly disastrous ones.Think of real examples or make some up, and talk about the reasons those messages are unsuccessful.And then we'll get back together and share.

现在,我希望所有人分成小组来给出一些例子,不是好的广告的讯息,而是特别糟糕的那些。想一想那些真实的例子然后组织一下,谈谈为什么这些讯息是不成功的然后大家一起分享一下。