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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Larry Greenemeier. Got a minute?

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You might expect the U.S.Secretary of Defense to say the biggest innovations he's following involve weapons systems or robotics or artificial intelligence.

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But current Defense Secretary Ashton Carter is looking at biology, especially in regard to how biological science can inform the development of technology to save the lives of military personnel:

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"I actually believe that in the era to come it will be the biosciences that will be most consequential for humankind.

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And like all technologies they'll be used for good or for ill and our job is to make sure that the uses for good outweigh the uses for ill.

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But I think if you had to just pick a frontier, you'd have to call that one as the one we will look back on future Secretaries of Defense, future generations and say, 'Were we part of that awakening and that revolution?'

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'And I hope the answer to that is yes."

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Carter spoke at a recent meeting, called the Wait What conference, in St. Louis that was sponsored by DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.

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DARPA hopes its life sciences research can improve the health and readiness of combat forces, advance battlefield medicine and help understand and treat traumatic brain injury.

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Such work would have obvious civilian application as well.

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As would research into infectious disease.

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The Defense Department showed just how serious it is about bioscience last year when DARPA launched its Biological Technologies Office.

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At the Wait Whatconference Air Force Colonel Dan Wattendorf, a Biological Technologies Office program manager and a clinical geneticist, talked about ways to head off the spread of infectious diseases:

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"What we are allowed to do now is identify special antibodies, because of the speed of discovery of these antibodies'add that new antibody to this cocktail.

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But we still need to make it.

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If we make it inside a human body we can abbreviate this production process and we would make it inside the human body not by providing the protein the antibody,

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but by providing the genetic sequence for that antibody with a synthetic process.

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The body becomes the bioreactor."

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Out-of-control disease spread can create political instability.

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So keeping epidemics from happening could be one way a focus on the biosciences helps the military by keeping it from being called on in the first place.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Larry Greenemeier.

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