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This is Scientific American 60-Second Health. I'm Dina Fine Maron. Got a minute?

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Inside our guts is a diverse ecosystem of bacteria: the microbiome.

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But the makeup of the community can depend on what we eat.

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Emulsifiers are food additives that extend the shelf life of processed foods.

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And now research with mice finds that consuming emulsifiers may throw off the microbiome's delicate balance and thereby contribute to obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.

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In the study, mice were fed doses of common emulsifiers in their water and mouse chow.

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The substances appeared to make it easier for gut bacteria to chew through the layers of mucus that typically line the intestine.

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The result was the triggering of chronic colitis in mice with impaired immune systems that predispose them to the condition.

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And even in mice with normal immune systems, emulsifier consumption appeared to trigger mild intestinal inflammation.

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These mice then tended to overeat and become obese and insulin resistant.

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The study is in the journal Nature.

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Could emulsifiers cause the same health consequences in humans and be behind some of the obesity trend?

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The researchers hope to find out in future studies.

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If nothing else, they write that their new finding suggests that there should be improved testing on the total health effects of chemicals in our food.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Health. I'm Dina Fine Maron.

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