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段落1

This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?

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We humans are social creatures—we stick together.

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Family traditionally came first.

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Then more distant relatives.

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Then larger groups of unrelated individuals, connected by culture.

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But it turns out the same could be said for sperm whales.

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"So usually you find the female, and their mom and the grandmas and their aunts, and they all stay together for many years."

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Maurcio Cantor, a biologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

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He says those closely related family groups then seek out other families with similar behavior:

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"They tend to hang out or stay together with those who produce the same kinds of sounds."

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Meaning whale cliques are based on producing similar clicks.

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And similarly clicking whales don't just hang out together, he says.

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They also emulate each other's songs, or codas.

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Meaning clans of whales evolve their own dialects, their own form of culture.

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And these dialects are key.

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Cantor and colleagues built a computer simulation of generation after generation of virtual whales.

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And they found that no other factor, like genetics or mother-daughter teaching could explain the emergence of the clans and dialects in real sperm whale society.

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The study appears in the journal Nature Communications.

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"I'm not trying to say that the types of culture the whale has are the same as human culture.

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Obviously human culture is much more diverse and complex and cumulative and symbolic.

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But it's very fascinating just to see that they can have some type of similarities, they can have their own type of culture.""

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And maybe a better understanding of that whale culture, he says, might persuade a few human cultures to be a bit more conservation-minded, when it comes to whales.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

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