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第1段
1 .Listen to a conversation between a student and his European history professor.
旁白：请听一段学生和欧洲史教授之间的对话。
第2段
1 .So, I wanted to talk about your outline.
教授：我想跟你谈谈你的论文大纲。
2 .I do like your topic- William the Conqueror leading the Norman invasion of England.
我很喜欢你的题目：征服者威廉领导诺曼人入侵英格兰。
3 .But I-I'm a little concerned about your source... and the fact that you want to use it as the entire basis of your paper.
但是我对于你的原始资料和你想把它用作论文的全部基础有点担心。
第3段
1 .Really? The Bayeux Tapestry?
学生：真的吗？关于巴约挂毯？
2 .I thought it was pretty creative to use something that was made to hang on a wall as a source.
我以为我的想法很有创造性，把挂在墙上的东西用作原始资料。
3 .And as far as I know, it's the most important documentation of the invasion... a firsthand account, right?
并且据我所知，这是最重要的诺曼底人入侵记录的第一手资料，不是吗？
第4段
1 .Well... you're right, it's considered a primary source.
教授：嗯，你是对的。这的确是主要的原始资料。
2 .And at 70 meters long, the tapestry certainly is impressive.
这幅挂毯长70米，令人印象深刻。
3 .Imagine the time it took for those embroiderers to sew all those words and images... to tell the story of the Norman forces sailing from France to England...
想象一下，这些刺绣工人花了多少时间缝制出这些文字和图案。。。讲述诺曼人从法国航行到英国的故事。。。
4 .So, yeah, it is an amazing artifact.
所以呢，这是一件惊人的艺术品，
第5段
1 .But, what's problematic is that the tapestry is a very- mmm, controversial source.
但问题是，这个挂毯是一个非常有争议的原始材料。
2 .Were you aware of this?
你对这方面有所了解吗？
第6段
1 .Well, I know some pieces of it were probably lost.
学生：嗯，我是知道挂毯的一部分已经遗失了。
第7段
1 .It-it is incomplete, but...
教授：挂毯的确残缺不全，但是……
第8段
1 .Uh, but, I also read that historians have relied on it to help them interpret the events leading up to the invasion, and the battle itself.
学生：但是我也查到，历史学家也靠它来帮助解读入侵的那段历史和战争本身。
第9段
1 .Well, it has great historical value, no doubt.
教授：它的确有很大的历史价值。这是毫无疑问的。
2 .But, in my opinion, there's a problem because... well, d-do you know who commissioned the tapestry?
但是在我看来，还是有个问题……因为，你知道是谁下令做这个挂毯吗？
第10段
1 .Ahh... It was a church official, um, the bishop of Bayeux, a-a city in France...
学生：是一个给教堂做事的人……法国一座叫巴约的城市的主教？
第11段
1 .Yes, and the bishop was also William the Conqueror's half brother!
教授：是的，这个主教是征服者威廉的异父/母兄弟。
第12段
1 .Oh-That I didn't know!
噢我确实不知道！
2 .Whew... but regardless of who commissioned it, isn't the fact that it was based on eyewitness accounts the most important thing?
但是不管是谁下令制造它，它的素材来自于目击者，这总是最重要的事实吧？
3 .I mean, it was made only seventeen years after the battle, so plenty of eyewitnesses were still alive.
我的意思是，这个挂毯是在战争结束17年的时候就制造出来了，所以很多目击者还是在世的。
第13段
1 .Yes, that's true, but the real point of the controversy isn't the battle itself.
是的，是真的但是争论焦点不在于战争本身。
2 .It has to do with the reason for the battle: who was the rightful heir to the throne... who would be the next king.
而是在于战争的原因：谁是王座的合法继承者？谁应该是下一任国王？
3 .And if William the Conqueror's brother is the one who's commissioned this tapestry...
如果征服者威廉的兄弟是这个挂毯的下令制作者的话……
第14段
1 ....then he would be the one to decide which words and images would go on the tapestry, and what would be left out.
学生：那么他就是那个决定什么故事和图片应该写在挂毯上，什么要被隐瞒下的人。
第15段
1 .Exactly. So of course the tapestry shows why William should be the new king.
教授：是的。所以这个挂毯理所当然地展示出威廉才是人心所向。
第16段
1 .Oh, I guess I see your point.
学生：我想我明白您的意思了。
2 .Embroiderers are just going to do what they're told to do.
那些织布工人只是按照命令行事。
第17段
1 .You have to understand that the tapestry depicts an entire series of events as they were interpreted by the Normans... the victors of the battle.
教授：你要明白，挂毯按照诺曼底人的视角描述了整个故事，而诺曼底人是战争的胜利者。
2 .And that's a problem if you're trying to write objectively about the invasion... especially if you use it as your only source of information.
那么如果你要客观地描述这场入侵战争的话，尤其是你把它作为你的论文的唯一原始资料的话，那就有问题了。
3 .After all, it's important for historians to examine an event from all sides.
毕竟，历史学家需要从各个角度来分析一个历史事件。